476: Romulus Augustulus, the last Western Roman Emperor, abdicates after forces led by Odoacer invade Rome, traditionally ending the Western Roman Empire

1609: Navigator Henry Hudson is the first European to discover the island of Manhattan [or September 11]

1781: Los Angeles is founded by 44 Spanish-speaking mestizos in the Bahía de las Fumas (Bay of Smokes)

1862: General Lee begins the Maryland Campaign, invading the North with 50,000 Confederate troops (U.S. Civil War)

1957: Governor of Arkansas, Orval Faubus, calls out the National Guard to prevent nine Black students from entering Little Rock Central High School

Source: Onthisday.com