4000 BC: Approximate domestication of the horse in the Eurasian steppes near Dereivka, central Ukraine (hypothesis only)

1215: Peking [Beijing], then a city of over one million, under control of Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured and looted for a month by the Mongols under Genghis Khan

1676: Battle of Öland: allied Danish-Dutch forces defeat the Swedish navy in the Baltic Sea, during the Scanian War (1675–79)

1964: Kenya becomes a republic with Jomo Kenyatta as its 1st President

1998: European Central Bank is founded in Brussels to define and execute the European Union’s monetary policy

Source: Onthisday.com