1485: Battle of Bosworth Field: Henry Tudor’s forces defeat English King Richard III during last battle in the Wars of the Roses. Richard is killed, the last English monarch to die in battle.

1639: Madras (now Chennai), India, founded by the British East India Company on sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers

1642: English Civil War begins between Royalists and Parliament

1864: First Geneva Convention adopted in Geneva “for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field” signed by 12 nations

1945: Vietnam conflict begins as Ho Chi Minh leads a successful coup

Source: Onthisday.com