1525: Battle of Pavia: Holy Roman Emperor Charles V’s troops defeat the French, killing or wounding 5,000 and capturing French King Francis I

1582: Pope Gregory XIII announces the New Style calendar, commonly known as the Gregorian calendar

1739: Battle of Karnal: Army of Iranian ruler Nadir Shah defeats the forces of the Mughal emperor of India, Muhammad Shah

1821: Agustín de Iturbide and Vicente Guerrero agree to the Plan of Iguala, stating that Mexico will become a constitutional monarchy, Roman Catholicism the official religion, and both Peninsulares and Creoles will enjoy equal political and social rights

1868: US House of Representatives votes 126 to 47 to impeach President Andrew Johnson

1942: The “Battle of Los Angeles” takes place, a series of anti-aircraft engagements over the city in response to a rumored but false Japanese attack. It would last until the morning of the following day.

1946: General Juan Perón is first elected President of Argentina

2008: Fidel Castro retires as the President of Cuba due to ill health after nearly fifty years in power

2022: Russia launches a full-scale pre-dawn and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine by land, air, and sea, with bombings in several cities. Moments later, Vladimir Putin announces the start of a three-day “special military operation” in Ukraine to “demilitarize” the country.

Source: Onthisday.com