41: Claudius succeeds his nephew Caligula as Roman Emperor after the latter’s assassination by officers of the Praetorian Guard

1848: James Marshall finds gold in Sutter’s Mill in Coloma, California

1857: University of Calcutta is founded as the first full-fledged university in South Asia

1899: Rubber heel for boots or shoes is patented by American Humphrey O’Sullivan

1908: Lieutenant General Robert Baden-Powell publishes “Scouting for Boys” as a manual for self-instruction in outdoor skills and self-improvement. The book becomes the inspiration for the Scout Movement.

Source: Onthisday.com