1534: French explorer Jacques Cartier claims for France the lands around Gaspé by erecting a 30ft cross at Pointe-Penouille

1567: Mary Queen of Scots is forced to abdicate; her 1-year-old son becomes King James VI of Scots

1832: Benjamin Bonneville leads the first wagon train across the Rocky Mountains by Wyoming’s South Pass

1911: American explorer Hiram Bingham Discovers Machu Picchu, the Lost City of the Incas

1943: Operation Gomorrah: RAF begins bombing Hamburg (till 3rd August), creating a firestorm and killing 42,600 people

2019: Global warming is the fastest in 2,000 years and scientific consensus that humans are the cause is at 99%, according to three major reports published in journals “Nature” and “Nature Geoscience”

Source: Onthisday.com