1027: Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II Holy Roman Emperor, founder of the Salian dynasty

1812: Earthquake measuring 7.7 on the Richter scale destroys 90% of Caracas, Venezuela and kills an estimated 15,000–20,000 people

1871: Municipal elections bring revolutionaries to power in Paris to form Commune government

1909: In support of Mohammed Ali Shah’s coup d’etat against the constitutional government in Persia, a Russian military force invades northern Persia to relieve the siege of Tabriz

1942: First “Eichmann transport” to Auschwitz & Birkenau concentration camps

1953: Dr. Jonas Salk announces that he has successfully tested a vaccine to prevent Polio, clinical trials began the next year

1966: Large-scale anti-Vietnam War protests take place in the United States, including in New York, Washington, D.C. and Chicago

1971: Bangladesh (East Pakistan) under Sheikh Mujibur Rahman declares its independence from Pakistan