406: 80,000 Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine at Mainz, beginning invasion of Gallia

1703: Genroku earthquake off the coast of Japan, near Edo (modern-day Tokyo), kills thousands and triggers a large tsunami killing thousands more

1744: English astronomer James Bradley announces discovery of Earth’s nutation motion or wobble

1775: Battle of Quebec: American Continental Army led by Richard Montgomery is defeated trying to take the British stronghold of Quebec City in the American Revolutionary War, General Montgomery is killed and Benedict Arnold is injured

1861: A then world record 22,990mm of rain falls in a single year in Cherrapunji, Assam in India

1958: Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista tells his Cabinet he is fleeing the country

Source: Onthisday.com