31 BC: Battle of Actium: Octavian’s (later Augustus) naval forces defeat those under Mark Antony and Cleopatra off the western coast of Greece; naval battle leading to the end of the Roman Republic

1192: Sultan Saladin and King Richard the Lionheart of England sign the Treaty of Jaffa ending the Third Crusade in a compromise neither is happy with; treaty leaves Jerusalem under Islamic control with Christian pilgrimage rights and restores the Kingdom of Jerusalem

1666: Great Fire of London begins at 2am at a baker’s shop in Pudding Lane, destroying 80% of London

1792: September Massacres of the French Revolution: rampaging mobs in Paris slaughter three Roman Catholic bishops, more than 200 priests, and prisoners believed to be royalist sympathizers

1864: US Civil War: Union General William T. Sherman captures and occupies Atlanta, Georgia, ending the Atlanta Campaign in the US Civil War

Source: Onthisday.com