1000: Battle of Svolder, Baltic Sea: King Olaf on board the Long Serpent is defeated in one of the greatest naval battles of the Viking Age and leaps to his death overboard 1543: Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned Queen of Scots in the central Scottish town of Stirling 1776: Congress officially renames […]
70: Roman army under General Titus completes the siege of Jerusalem by destroying what remained after four months of occupation and plundering 1380: Battle of Kulikovo: Moscow’s great monarch Dmitry defeats the Mongols, beginning the decline of the Tatars A masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture, The Statue of David completed by Michelangelo in 1504The Statue of […]
70: Roman army under General Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem 1714: Treaty of Baden is signed by the Holy Roman Empire and France, ending the War of the Spanish Succession; France retains Alsace and Landau, and Austria gains the east bank of the Rhine 1812: Battle of Borodino: Napoleon Bonaparte wins a Pyrrhic victory against […]
1522: Ferdinand Magellan’s Spanish expedition, now led by Juan Sebastián Elcano, returns to Seville without its captain after a three-year epic voyage, becoming the first to circumnavigate the globe 1666: After St. Paul’s Cathedral and much of the city burned down over four days, the Great Fire of London is finally extinguished 1901: US President […]
1666: Firebreaks finally bring the Great Fire of London under control, leaving 13,200 houses destroyed and eight dead 1774: Twelve of the thirteen American colonies adopt a trade embargo against Great Britain at the First Continental Congress in Carpenters’ Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1781: A French fleet of 24 ships under Comte de Grasse defeats British […]
476: Romulus Augustulus, the last Western Roman Emperor, abdicates after forces led by Odoacer invade Rome, traditionally ending the Western Roman Empire 1609: Navigator Henry Hudson is the first European to discover the island of Manhattan [or September 11] 1781: Los Angeles is founded by 44 Spanish-speaking mestizos in the Bahía de las Fumas (Bay […]
301 San Marino, one of the smallest nations in the world and the world’s oldest republic still in existence, is founded by Saint Marinus 1650 Oliver Cromwell’s English New Model Army defeats a Scottish force in a surprise attack at the Battle of Dunbar 1783 The Treaty of Paris is signed in Paris, ending the […]
31 BC: Battle of Actium: Decisive naval battle that effectively ends the Roman Republic. Octavian’s forces defeat those under Mark Antony and Cleopatra off the western coast of Greece. 1192: Sultan Saladin and King Richard the Lionheart of England sign the Treaty of Jaffa ending the Third Crusade in a compromise neither is happy with. […]
1715: King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years, the longest of any major European monarch 1878: First female telephone operator starts work, Emma Nutt, for the Edwin Holmes Telephone Dispatch Company in Boston 1905: Wilfrid Laurier oversees Alberta and Saskatchewan joining the Confederation of Canada as its 8th and 9th […]
1142: Possible date for establishment of the Iroquois (Haudenosaunee) League [disputed date – other research places date between 1450 and 1660] 1854: A major outbreak of cholera occurs in Soho, London; physician John Snow calls it “the most terrible outbreak of cholera which ever occurred in this kingdom” 1888: The body of Jack the Ripper’s […]
