1687: Isaac Newton’s great work Principia published by Royal Society in England, outlining his laws of motion and universal gravitation

1811: Venezuelan Declaration of Independence: 7 provinces declare themselves independent of Spain

1852: Frederick Douglass, fugitive slave, delivers his ‘What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?’ speech to the Ladies’ Anti-Slavery Society in Rochester, condemns the celebration as hypocritical sham

1865: US Secret Service begins operating under the Treasury Department

1994: Amazon.com founded in Bellevue, Washington by Jeff Bezos

2004: First Indonesian presidential election by the people – first round (eventually won by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono)

Source: Onthisday.com